Criminal Manual | New Criminal Major Laws | Containing The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (IPC) | The Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (CrPC) | The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (IEA) | with Special Highlights & Features of the New Provisions and Comparative Tables | Latest

• The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (Act No.45 of 2023)
• The Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (Act No.46 of 2023)
• The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (Act No.47 of 2023) 

with

Special Highlights & Features of the New Provisions and 

Comparative Tables Showing Sections / Provisions of 

The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 and The Indian Penal Code, 1860

The Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 and The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973

The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 and The Indian Evidence Act, 1872

Highlights

• Introduction
• Understanding New Laws
• Comparative Tables
• Highlights of the New Provisions
• Special Features of the New Provisions
• Classification of Offences
• Short Notes/Comments
• Important/Valuable Tips
• Legal Maxims
• Landmark Judgments
• Supreme Court Guidelines
• Legal Words and Phrases
• Latest Case Laws
• Subject Index

• The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita retains most offences from the Indian Penal Code, 1860. It adds community services as a form of punishment.
• Sedition is no longer an offence. Instead, there is a new offence for acts endangering the sovereignty, unity and integrity of India.
• The Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 adds terrorism as an offence. It is defined as an act that intends to threaten the unity, integrity, and security of the country, intimidate the general public of disturb public order.

• The Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 allows up to 15 days of police custody, which can be authorised in parts during the initial 40 or 60 days of the 60 or 90 days period of judicial custody. This may lead to denial of bail for the entire period if the police has not exhausted the 15 days custody.
• The powers to attach property from proceeds of crime does not have safeguards provided in the Prevention of Money Laundering Act, 2002.
• The Bharatiya Nagarik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 allows evidence collected by retired or transferred investigating officers to be presented by their successors. This violates normal rules of evidence when the author of the document can be cross examined.

• The Bharatiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 replaces the Indian Evidence Act, 1872. It retains most provisions of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 including those on confessions, relevancy of facts, and burden of proof.
• The Indian Evidence Act, 1872 provides for two kinds of evidence - documentary evidence and oral evidence. Documentary evidence includes primary (original documents) and secondary (that proves the contents of the original). The Bharatiya Sakshya Sanhita, 2023 retains the distinction. It includes electronic records in the definition of documents.
• Under the Indian Evidence Act, 1872, electronic records are categorised as secondary evidence. The Bharatiya Sakshya Sanhita, 2023 classifies electronic records as primary evidence. It expands such records to include information stored in semiconductor memory or any communication devices (smartphones, laptops, etc.).